Bengaluru: Stroke, commonly known as paralysis or a brain attack, is a life-threatening condition affecting over 20 million people worldwide, resulting in nearly 5 million deaths annually. It occurs due to either a blockage in blood flow to the brain (ischemic stroke – 80% of cases) or bleeding in the brain (haemorrhagic stroke). Experts warn that the incidence of stroke is rising, particularly in developing countries, due to increasing cases of diabetes, hypertension, infections, and road accidents.
According to Dr. Sreekanta Swamy, Lead Senior Consultant – Neurology at Aster RV Hospital, strokes can range from mild numbness to severe conditions like coma or even death. However, significant advancements in treatment and rehabilitation have improved outcomes, provided medical attention is sought within the Golden Hour—the critical 4.5-hour window for effective intervention.
Golden Hour: The Key to Survival
Stroke is often painless and sudden, making it essential to recognize its early signs. Patients who receive clot-busting injections within 4.5 hours of onset, or undergo clot removal within 12-18 hours, have a significantly higher chance of recovery. Unfortunately, public awareness about stroke symptoms and emergency treatment options remains low, leading to delayed intervention and irreversible brain damage.
Common Symptoms of Stroke
Sudden difficulty in speech
Acute headache
Confusion and vision loss
Loss of balance
Weakness or numbness in one part of the body
Changes in consciousness
Who is at Risk?
Certain medical conditions and lifestyle factors increase the likelihood of stroke, including:
High blood pressure (leading cause)
Heart disease
Diabetes
High cholesterol
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
Additionally, age, genetics, and hormonal differences put individuals above 55 years, particularly women, at a higher risk. Alarmingly, about 25% of strokes are now being reported in individuals under 40, largely due to unhealthy lifestyles.
The Need for Better Stroke Care
Dr. Swamy emphasizes that nearly 75-80% of strokes are preventable through better risk management. He urges healthcare professionals, NGOs, media, and government agencies to implement awareness programs on stroke prevention and emergency response.
“There is an urgent need for specialized stroke care units and dedicated rehabilitation centers to ensure long-term recovery. Stroke patients require continuous medical support and rehabilitation, which is currently accessible only in major hospitals,” he stated.
With stroke emerging as the third leading cause of death worldwide, experts stress the importance of timely medical intervention, lifestyle modifications, and public awareness to combat this silent but deadly condition.
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